842 research outputs found
Magical urbanism:Walter Benjamin and utopian realism in the film Ratcatcher
Deploys Walter Benjamin to discuss fantastical representations of childhood and class in the film Ratcatcher
Predicting Dyslexia Based on Pre-reading Auditory and Speech Perception Skills
Purpose: This longitudinal study examines measures of temporal auditory processing
in pre-reading children with a family risk of dyslexia. Specifically, it attempts to ascertain
whether pre-reading auditory processing, speech perception, and phonological
awareness (PA) reliably predict later literacy achievement. Additionally, this study
retrospectively examines the presence of pre-reading auditory processing, speech
perception, and PA impairments in children later found to be literacy impaired.
Method: Forty-four pre-reading children with and without a family risk of dyslexia
were assessed at three time points (kindergarten, first, and second grade). Auditory
processing measures of rise time (RT) discrimination and frequency modulation (FM)
along with speech perception, PA, and various literacy tasks were assessed.
Results: Kindergarten RT uniquely contributed to growth in literacy in grades one and
two, even after controlling for letter knowledge and PA. Highly significant concurrent and
predictive correlations were observed with kindergarten RT significantly predicting first
grade PA. Retrospective analysis demonstrated atypical performance in RT and PA at
all three time points in children who later developed literacy impairments.
Conclusions: Although significant, kindergarten auditory processing contributions to
later literacy growth lack the power to be considered as a single-cause predictor; thus
results support temporal processing deficits’ contribution within a multiple deficit model
of dyslexia
Predicting future reading problems based on pre-reading auditory measures: a longitudinal study of children with a familial risk of dyslexia
Purpose: This longitudinal study examines measures of temporal auditory processing
in pre-reading children with a family risk of dyslexia. Specifically, it attempts to
ascertain whether pre-reading auditory processing, speech perception, and phonological
awareness (PA) reliably predict later literacy achievement. Additionally, this study
retrospectively examines the presence of pre-reading auditory processing, speech
perception, and PA impairments in children later found to be literacy impaired.
Method: Forty-four pre-reading children with and without a family risk of dyslexia were
assessed at three time points (kindergarten, first, and second grade). Auditory processing
measures of rise time (RT) discrimination and frequency modulation (FM) along with
speech perception, PA, and various literacy tasks were assessed.
Results: Kindergarten RT uniquely contributed to growth in literacy in grades one and
two, even after controlling for letter knowledge and PA. Highly significant concurrent and
predictive correlations were observed with kindergarten RT significantly predicting first
grade PA. Retrospective analysis demonstrated atypical performance in RT and PA at all
three time points in children who later developed literacy impairments.
Conclusions: Although significant, kindergarten auditory processing contributions to
later literacy growth lack the power to be considered as a single-cause predictor; thus
results support temporal processing deficits’ contribution within a multiple deficit model
of dyslexia
Honesty, social presence, and self-service in retail
Retail self-service checkouts (SCOs) can benefit consumers and retailers, providing control and autonomy to shoppers independent from staff. Recent research indicates that the lack of presence of staff may provide the opportunity for consumers to behave dishonestly. This study examined whether a social presence in the form of visual, humanlike SCO interface agents had an effect on dishonest user behaviour. Using a simulated SCO scenario, participants experienced various dilemmas in which they could financially benefit themselves undeservedly. We hypothesised that a humanlike social presence integrated within the checkout screen would receive more attention and result in fewer instances of dishonesty compared to a less humanlike agent. Our hypotheses were partially supported by the results. We conclude that companies adopting self-service technology may consider the implementation of social presence to support ethical consumer behaviour, but that more research is required to explore the mixed findings in the current study
Grapheme-phoneme learning in an unknown orthography: a study in typical reading and dyslexic children
In this study, we examined the learning of new grapheme-phoneme correspondences in individuals with and without dyslexia. Additionally, we investigated the relation between grapheme-phoneme learning and measures of phonological awareness, orthographic knowledge and rapid automatized naming, with a focus on the unique joint variance of grapheme-phoneme learning to word and non-word reading achievement. Training of grapheme-phoneme associations consisted of a 20-min training program in which eight novel letters (Hebrew) needed to be paired with speech sounds taken from the participant's native language (Dutch). Eighty-four third grade students, of whom 20 were diagnosed with dyslexia, participated in the training and testing. Our results indicate a reduced ability of dyslexic readers in applying newly learned grapheme-phoneme correspondences while reading words which consist of these novel letters. However, we did not observe a significant independent contribution of grapheme-phoneme learning to reading outcomes. Alternatively, results from the regression analysis indicate that failure to read may be due to differences in phonological and/or orthographic knowledge but not to differences in the grapheme-phoneme-conversion process itself
The third virial coefficient of anyons revisited
We use the method of solving the three-anyon problem developed in our earlier
publication to evaluate numerically the third virial coefficient of free
anyons. In order to improve precision, we explicitly correct for truncation
effects. The present calculation is about three orders of magnitude more
precise than the previous Monte Carlo calculation and indicates the presence of
a term with a very small coefficient .Comment: 10 pages, LATEX 2.09, 4 Postscript figures attached; explanations
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Policing the discourse:the discursive anatomy of a national police strategy report
Police reporting has become subject to similar practices found in the corporate and commercial world. A key aspect of this is the strategic report which lays out the future of the organization in terms of the vision of senior executives. This paper considers the discursive construction of a police strategy report. Police reports in general belong to a wider reporting genre while strategic plans can be considered as part of a colony of planning genres. The discursive anatomy of this kind of report can be considered in terms of communicative purpose and the set of discursive moves involved that reflect normative expectations associated of the intended audience. These features are examined by way of a discursive analysis of a contemporary Police Scotland strategy report
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